Pushpa v. Dayawati 2026 INSC 603 - CPC - Judgment On Admission

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 – Order XII Rule 6 — The provision confers a discretionary power upon the Court to pronounce judgment on the basis of admission made either in pleadings or otherwise, however the exercise of such power is conditioned upon the existence of a clear admission of fact and cannot be invoked in a manner so as to deprive a party of adjudication where the controversy involves disputed questions of fact requiring evidence. Every statement made by a party cannot automatically result in a decree under Order XII Rule 6 CPC and the admission must be categorical, unambiguous, unconditional and unequivocal. (Para 34) [Context: Court examined definition of admission to test if written statement supported a decree on admissions. Before passing a decree on admission, the Court must be fully satisfied that the admission relied upon leaves no room for controversy and if the alleged admission requires interpretation, inferential reasoning or examination of surrounding circumstances, the matter ought to proceed to trial. (Para 33-35) 

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 – Section 115 (Revisional Jurisdiction) — The revisional court cannot act as an appellate court and reassess findings of fact or substitute conclusions unless jurisdictional error or material irregularity is demonstrated, and reassessing the factual matrix and substituting its own interpretation of pleadings travels beyond the permissible limits of Section 115 CPC. (Para 44)