New Delhi Nature Society vs Director Horticulture, DDA 2025 INSC 1358 - Wild life - Deer Population

Wild Life Conservation - The deer population at the Deer Park is a reminder that conservation is not merely the relocation of animals but an exercise in stewardship: preserving species, habitats, and the environmental ethos enshrined in our constitutional framework - Supreme Court issued directions to ensure that the welfare of the deer population is secured in accordance with the statutory framework prevailing in India and internationally accepted conservation guidelines/norms. (Para 22-24)

Constitution of India - Articles 21, 48A and 51A(g) - Articles 48A and 51A(g) embody a collective commitment to safeguard forests and wildlife and to act with compassion for all living beings, while Article 21 has been judicially recognized as encompassing the right to a clean and ecologically balanced environment. (Para 23)

Case Info

Case name: New Delhi Nature Society vs Director Horticulture, DDA & Ors

  • Neutral citation: 2025 INSC 1358
  • Coram: Justice Vikram Nath; Justice Sandeep Mehta
  • Judgment dateNovember 26, 2025
  • Jurisdiction: Supreme Court of India, Extraordinary Appellate Jurisdiction (SLP (C) Nos. 13374-13375 of 2025)

Caselaws and citations


The order does not cite specific prior case law by name. It references constitutional and statutory principles rather than particular precedents.


Statutes/laws and guidelines referred

  • Constitution of India: Articles 48A51A(g), and 21
  • Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972: Section 38H(4) and 38H(6)
  • National Zoo Policy, 1998
  • Zoo Rules, 2009
  • Guidelines for the Establishment and Scientific Management of Zoos in India, 2008
  • IUCN Guidelines: Reintroductions and Other Conservation Translocations (2014)
  • Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: In context of the Central Empowered Committee (CEC) working under statute