Rajeeb Kalita vs Union Of India 2025 INSC 75 - Fundamental Right To Toilets

Constitution of India - Article 21 - Toilets / washrooms / restrooms are not merely a matter of convenience, but a basic necessity which is a facet of human rights. Access to proper sanitation is recognized as a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution, which guarantees the right to life and personal liberty (Para 10) -Directions issued: The High Courts and the State Governments / UTs shall ensure the construction and availability of separate toilet facilities for males, females, PwD, and transgender persons in all Court premises and Tribunals across the Country. (ii) The High Courts shall oversee and ensure that these facilities are clearly identifiable and accessible to Judges, advocates, litigants, and court staff- Other directions issued. (Para 11)

Access to Justice - Access to justice includes the creation of a pleasant and humanly atmosphere for all the stake holders in the dispensation of justice. (Para 10)